Humans and most mammals long ago ceased producing 9 of the 20 amino acids needed for protein biosynthesis. These are instead acquired from the diet and microbiota. Most cells of the immune system ...

The volume of nucleolar material per nucleus and the activity of RNA polymerase I (RNA nucleotidyltransferase I) become doubled in the liver cells of rats that are fed for several days a diet that ...

Amino acids are the building blocks of life. We obtain them from the food we eat, and the body uses them to make proteins, which in turn are used for growth, development, and a multitude of other ...

In 1929 British biochemist John Haldane (1892-1964) put forth the theory that the early atmosphere of Earth contained no free oxygen. Haldane and Soviet biochemist Aleksander Oparin (1894-1980) had ...

Tiny differences in five amino acids in HLA-B, a protein, are linked to whether people can control levels of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) with just their immune systems, an international team of ...

Each protein or peptide consists of a linear sequence of amino acids. The protein primary structure conventionally begins at the amino-terminal (N) end and continues until the carboxyl-terminal (C) ...

Our nearest planetary neighbor may be more friendly to life than we previously thought. Venus has long been assumed to be uninhabitable: its thick carbon dioxide atmosphere is swirling with yellow ...

If you continually fight cravings for sweet and starchy foods, your appetite might be out of control because you’re low in certain brain chemicals. You may not have enough of the brain chemicals that ...